On a table, 3 normal playing cards are placed face down.
To the right of a king, there is a queen or queens.
To the left of a queen there is a queen or queens.
To the left of a heart, there is a spade or spades.
To the right of a spade, there is a spade or spades.
Which three cards are on the table?
(Borrowed from the book "The colossal book of short puzzles and problems" by Martin Gardner)
The first rule says that there is atleast one king. Second rule says that there are two queens. (KQQ,QKQ) Third rule says that there is a heart and a spade. And the fourth rule says that there are two spades. (HSS,SHS,SSH) Which means out of three cards, two are queens and one is king. And two are spades and one is hearts.
So the four possibilities are KS, QS, QH KS, QH, QS QS, KS, QH QS, KH, QS The fourth is an impossible option as there can't be two queen of spades in a deck. So the three possible answers are
King of spades, Queen of Spades and Queen of hearts
King of spades, Queen of hearts and queen of spades
Queen of spades, king of spades and queen of hearts.
Solution to puzzle 14 Huh, sending more money would have been much easier than this puzzle. SEND MORE MONEY We have to find values for S,E,N,D,M,O,R,Y (8 digits out of 10). Now, we're adding two 4-digits numbers. Since 9999+9999 < 20000, M cannot be >=2. And by the "usual rules" for this kind of question, it can't be 0. So M=1 . Now, looking at the fourth (left-most) column, we have either S+1>=10 (if there's no carry) or 1+S+1>=10 (if there's carry). So S=8 or 9 , and O=0 or 1 . Since 1 is already taken, O=0 In the third column, we can't have E+0=N (no carry), so E+1=N and there's carry from the second column. So in the second column either N+R=10+E=9+N, and R=9, or there's carry and 1+N+R=10+E=9+N, and R=8. So R=8 or 9 , just like S. IF S=8 and R=9,we're looking at 8END + 109E ====== 10NEY But this cannot possibly work: we need to get either E+0=10+N or 1+E+0=10+N i...
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